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Terrain Ruggedness Index (TRI)⚓︎

Table Summary⚓︎

The ruggedness measure TRI is constructed from the elevation data using the method from Riley et al (1999), and used by Nunn and Puga (2012) "Ruggedness: The Blessing of Bad Geography in Africa". The TRI expresses the elevation difference between adjacent pixels. It is the square root of the mean squared difference in elevation values between a pixel and the eight cells immediately surrounding it.

File Metadata⚓︎

Table Information (SHRID)⚓︎

Aggregation Level File Name Unique Identifiers
SHRID tri_shrid.dta shrid2

Variable Information (SHRID)⚓︎

Variable Name Description Missing % Non-missing count
tri_min Minimum TRI in location polygon 0% 596,140
tri_max Maximum TRI in location polygon 0% 596,140
⭐ tri_mean Mean terrain ruggedness index (TRI) value in location polygon 0% 596,140
tri_median Median TRI in location polygon 0% 596,140
tri_num_cells Number of pixels in location polygon 0% 596,173
tri_std Standard deviation of TRI in location polygon 0% 596,140

Table Information (Subdistrict)⚓︎

Aggregation Level File Name Unique Identifiers
Subdistrict tri_pc11subdist.dta pc11_state_id, pc11_district_id, pc11_subdistrict_id

Variable Information (Subdistrict)⚓︎

Variable Name Description Missing % Non-missing count
tri_min Minimum TRI in location polygon 0% 5,968
tri_max Maximum TRI in location polygon 0% 5,968
⭐ tri_mean Mean terrain ruggedness index (TRI) value in location polygon 0% 5,968
tri_median Median TRI in location polygon 0% 5,968
tri_num_cells Number of pixels in location polygon 0% 5,969
tri_std Standard deviation of TRI in location polygon 0% 5,968

Table Information (District)⚓︎

Aggregation Level File Name Unique Identifiers
District tri_pc11dist.dta pc11_state_id, pc11_district_id

Variable Information (District)⚓︎

Variable Name Description Missing % Non-missing count
tri_min Minimum TRI in location polygon 0% 640
tri_max Maximum TRI in location polygon 0% 640
⭐ tri_mean Mean terrain ruggedness index (TRI) value in location polygon 0% 640
tri_median Median TRI in location polygon 0% 640
tri_num_cells Number of pixels in location polygon 0% 640
tri_std Standard deviation of TRI in location polygon 0% 640

Table Information (AC07)⚓︎

Aggregation Level File Name Unique Identifiers
2007 Assembly Constituency tri_con07.dta ac07_id

Variable Information (AC07)⚓︎

Variable Name Description Missing % Non-missing count
tri_min Minimum TRI in location polygon 0% 4,080
tri_max Maximum TRI in location polygon 0% 4,080
⭐ tri_mean Mean terrain ruggedness index (TRI) value in location polygon 0% 4,080
tri_median Median TRI in location polygon 0% 4,080
tri_num_cells Number of pixels in location polygon 0% 4,080
tri_std Standard deviation of TRI in location polygon 0% 4,080

Table Information (AC08)⚓︎

Aggregation Level File Name Unique Identifiers
2008 Assembly Constituency tri_con08.dta ac08_id

Variable Information (AC08)⚓︎

Variable Name Description Missing % Non-missing count
tri_min Minimum TRI in location polygon 0% 4,118
tri_max Maximum TRI in location polygon 0% 4,118
⭐ tri_mean Mean terrain ruggedness index (TRI) value in location polygon 0% 4,118
tri_median Median TRI in location polygon 0% 4,118
tri_num_cells Number of pixels in location polygon 0% 4,118
tri_std Standard deviation of TRI in location polygon 0% 4,118

Note

  • Missing %: Proportion of observations with missing data
  • Zero %: Proportion of observations with zero values
  • Canary variable: The ⭐ indicates the canary variable for imputation, see this link for more details about the imputation algorithm.

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